Neuroepidemiology
Original Paper
The Lehigh Valley Recurrent Stroke Study: Description of Design and MethodsAlter M.a · Friday G.a · Sobel E.b · Lai S.M.aa Division of Neuroepidemiology, Medical College of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa.; b Departments of Preventive Medicine and Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif., USA
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Article / Publication Details
Published online: October 28, 1993
Issue release date: 1993
Number of Print Pages: 8
Number of Figures: 0
Number of Tables: 0
ISSN: 0251-5350 (Print)
eISSN: 1423-0208 (Online)
For additional information: https://www.karger.com/NED
Abstract
A community-based, prospective study was carried out in the Lehigh Valley to determine how 5 selected risk factors and their control affected the frequency of stroke recurrence and death after an initial stroke. The initial stroke was verified clinically and by computerized tomography. Between 1987 and 1989, 662 patients with an initial stroke were enrolled and followed regularly every 4–6 months for up to 7 visits. The average follow-up period was 2 years. The risk factors selected included hypertension, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmia, diabetes mellitus and transient ischemic attacks. Interim death and its cause were noted. Surviving patients were interviewed and examined to determine whether a second stroke has occurred. At enrollment, 51.4% of the cohort was male. The average age of men was 69.6, while women were older, averaging 74.3 years. Stroke types were thrombosis, 14%; embolus, 23%; lacune, 9%; nonspecific infarct, 48%, and intracerebral hemorrhage, 6%. There were 138 deaths (21 %) and 81 second strokes (12%) during follow-up. The frequency of risk factors at enrollment was as follows; hypertension, 59%; myocardial infarction, 25%, cardiac arrhythmia, 47% (of which 16% had atrial fibrillation); diabetes mellitus, 29%, and transient ischemic attack, 18%. Of course many patients had multiple risk factors. We analyzed whether the presence of a risk factor at enrollment and its quality of control during follow-up affected stroke recurrence frequency and the mortality rates. These results will be reported in future papers. In this paper, we describe study design details and define the methods used to classify stroke type, risk factor status at enrollment and quality of control of each of the risk factors during follow-up. These details will be referred to in subsequent reports and will permit comparisons of the Lehigh Valley Stroke Cohort with other stroke cohorts.
© 1993 S. Karger AG, Basel
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Article / Publication Details
Published online: October 28, 1993
Issue release date: 1993
Number of Print Pages: 8
Number of Figures: 0
Number of Tables: 0
ISSN: 0251-5350 (Print)
eISSN: 1423-0208 (Online)
For additional information: https://www.karger.com/NED
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Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.
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