Pharmacology
Original Paper
Experimental Hyperreflexia: Effect of Intravesical Administration of Various AgentsLevin R.M.a · Kitada S.b · Hayes L.a · Kau S.T.c · Fromm-Freeck S.c · Howe B.B.c · Wein A.J.aaDivision of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine and the Philadelphia Veterans Administration Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pa., USA; bDepartment of Urology, Miyazaki School of Medicine, Miyazaki, Japan; cDepartment of Pharmacology, ICI Pharmaceuticals Group, ICI Americas Inc., Wilmington, Del., USA
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Article / Publication Details
Received: May 20, 1990
Accepted: August 06, 1990
Published online: June 06, 2008
Issue release date: 1991
Number of Print Pages: 7
Number of Figures: 0
Number of Tables: 0
ISSN: 0031-7012 (Print)
eISSN: 1423-0313 (Online)
For additional information: https://www.karger.com/PHA
Abstract
In anesthetized rabbits, we can induce a significant degree of spontaneous activity in the urinary bladder by placing a ligature around the proximal portion of the external urethra. Previous studies characterized the activity as primarily reflex in nature, since intravesical hexamethonium selectively inhibited the hyperreflexia. In this current study we determined the effect of intravesical administration of a variety of compounds to inhibit the induced hyperreflexia. The following agents were tested at concentrations of 1, 10, 100 and 500 μmol/l (intravesically): verapamil, cromakalim, nifedipine, diltiazem, and atropine; lidocaine was tested in 0.05, 0.5 and 5% solutions. The results are summarized as follows: (1) Lidocaine was the most effective agent tested, virtually eliminating both the amplitude and frequency of the spontaneous activity at the lowest concentration (0.5%). (2) Verapamil and nifedipine were somewhat more potent than cromakalim and diltiazem. Atropine sulfate was the least potent, inhibiting both the amplitude and frequency of the hyperreflexia by less than 50% at 500 μmol/l. (3) In all cases, the amplitude of the spontaneous activity was inhibited to a significantly greater degree than the frequency of the spontaneous activity. (4) In general, there was no effect of any of the agents on mean arterial pressure at 1 or 10 μmol/l. At 100 and 500 μmol/l, all agents except for lidocaine and cromakalim decreased arterial pressure. These two agents produced no consistent fall in blood pressure at any concentration. In conclusion, the acute hyperreflexic (rabbit) preparation provides a highly reproducible and consistent model for the study of the effect of drugs on hyperreflexia. The data presented in this report would indicate that the intravesical administration of antispasmodic (and other) agents might provide a useful method of treatment for this condition.
© 1991 S. Karger AG, Basel
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Article / Publication Details
Received: May 20, 1990
Accepted: August 06, 1990
Published online: June 06, 2008
Issue release date: 1991
Number of Print Pages: 7
Number of Figures: 0
Number of Tables: 0
ISSN: 0031-7012 (Print)
eISSN: 1423-0313 (Online)
For additional information: https://www.karger.com/PHA
Copyright / Drug Dosage / Disclaimer
Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.
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