Neonatology

 

Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

Hamosh M.a · Salem Jr. N.b

Author affiliations

a Department of Pediatrics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C., b Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, NIH/NIAAA, Rockville, Md., USA

Keywords: Docosahexaenoic acidArachidonic acidVisual, cognitive functionLong-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementationPremature, term infants

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Biol Neonate 1998;74:106–120
https://doi.org/10.1159/000014017

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Article / Publication Details

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Abstract of Paper

Published online: July 23, 1998
Issue release date: August 1998

Number of Print Pages: 15
Number of Figures: 0
Number of Tables: 0

ISSN: 1661-7800 (Print)
eISSN: 1661-7819 (Online)

For additional information: https://www.karger.com/NEO

Abstract

Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) are essential for normal development. Fetal accretion of LC-PUFA occurs during the last trimester of gestation; therefore, premature infants are born with minimal LC-PUFA reserves. Recent studies indicate that the newborn can synthesize LC-PUFA from essential fatty acid precursors; however, the extent of de novo synthesis remains to be established. Postnatally, human milk provides LC-PUFA to the newborn. Maternal LC-PUFA reserves depend upon diet and can be improved by supplementation of docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid during pregnancy and lactation. This in turn affects fetal LC-PUFA accretion and postnatal provision through mother’s milk. Supplementation of formula-fed preterm or full-term infants with docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid leads to plasma and red blood cell LC-PUFA levels similar to those of breast-fed infants. The higher blood and presumably tissue levels of LC-PUFA following supplementation lead, however, to only temporary functional benefits.



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Published online: July 23, 1998
Issue release date: August 1998

Number of Print Pages: 15
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ISSN: 1661-7800 (Print)
eISSN: 1661-7819 (Online)

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1998, Vol.74, No. 2

August 1998

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