Nephron
Steroid and Mineral Metabolism
Vasopressin: Deficiency, Excess and the Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone SecretionNewsome, jr. H.H.Medical College of Virginia, Richmond, Va.
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Article / Publication Details
Published online: December 02, 2008
Issue release date: 1979
Number of Print Pages: 5
Number of Figures: 0
Number of Tables: 0
ISSN: 1660-8151 (Print)
eISSN: 2235-3186 (Online)
For additional information: https://www.karger.com/NEF
Abstract
The hypothalamic-neurohypophyseal system functions to maintain plasma osmolality within narrow limits. It also is an important mechanism in maintaining normal body fluid volume. The system exerts its influence via release or inhibition of vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone, ADH) which acts on the kidney to decrease water excretion. Deficiency of ADH is usually due to hypothalamic-neurohypophyseal lesions (central diabetes insipidus) or insensitivity of the kidney to ADH (nephrogenic diabetes insipidus). These patients, if untreated, have the predictable result of dehydration, hyperosmolality, hypovolemia, and eventual death in severe cases. On the other hand, ADH excess of the syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion due to a variety of causes promotes water retention, hypoosmolality and hyponatremia which, if untreated, may progress to convulsions, coma, and death. It is obviously important to diagnose accurately these pathologic states of hydration. Not only is initiation of treatment in general dependent upon recognition of the disease, but each type of pathologic hydration state has specific treatment which rewards both patient and physician with effective correction of the problem.
© 1979 S. Karger AG, Basel
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Article / Publication Details
Published online: December 02, 2008
Issue release date: 1979
Number of Print Pages: 5
Number of Figures: 0
Number of Tables: 0
ISSN: 1660-8151 (Print)
eISSN: 2235-3186 (Online)
For additional information: https://www.karger.com/NEF
Copyright / Drug Dosage / Disclaimer
Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.
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