Cerebrovascular Diseases
Etiology and Risk Factors for Ischemic Stroke
Cardioembolic Stroke: Call for a Multidisciplinary ApproachGonzález Babarro E. · Román Rego A. · González-Juanatey J.R.Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Article / Publication Details
Published online: April 03, 2009
Issue release date: April 2009
Number of Print Pages: 6
Number of Figures: 2
Number of Tables: 2
ISSN: 1015-9770 (Print)
eISSN: 1421-9786 (Online)
For additional information: https://www.karger.com/CED
Abstract
Cardioembolic stroke accounts for one third of all ischemic strokes, and atrial fibrillation (AF) is the cardiac source of emboli in 50% of them. However, the absolute risk of stroke associated with AF has enormous variability, and several clinical risk stratification schemes have been proposed. One of the most validated and used in clinical practice is the CHADS2 index, characterized by its simplicity and rapid application. Current recommendations about antithrombotic therapy in AF patients are based on assessment of annual risk of stroke; thus, antiaggregation is indicated in patients with a low risk, and anticoagulation is prescribed when annual risk is greater than 2.5%. Relevant studies comparing rate and rhythm control do not defend achievement and maintenance of sinus rhythm as a routine management of AF patients and demonstrate that rate control is comparable or even better than rhythm control in terms of survival and quality of life. Optimal control of blood pressure is a relevant factor in preventing cardioembolic stroke in AF patients, because hypertension multiplies the risk of stroke by 12. Antihypertensive drugs such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers proved to reduce AF recurrences, especially in the context of left ventricular dysfunction and ventricular hypertrophy.
© 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel
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Article / Publication Details
Published online: April 03, 2009
Issue release date: April 2009
Number of Print Pages: 6
Number of Figures: 2
Number of Tables: 2
ISSN: 1015-9770 (Print)
eISSN: 1421-9786 (Online)
For additional information: https://www.karger.com/CED
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