Pharmacology

Short Communication

Analgesic Effects of Tramadol in Combination with Adjuvant Drugs: An Experimental Study in Rats

Okulicz-Kozaryn I.a · Leppert W.b · Mikolajczak P.a,c · Kaminska E.a

Author affiliations

aDepartment of Pharmacology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, bChair and Department of Palliative Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, and cDepartment of Pharmacology and Experimental Biology, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants, Poznan, Poland

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Pharmacology 2013;91:7–11

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Article / Publication Details

First-Page Preview
Abstract of Short Communication

Received: July 30, 2012
Accepted: September 03, 2012
Published online: October 19, 2012
Issue release date: February 2013

Number of Print Pages: 5
Number of Figures: 1
Number of Tables: 1

ISSN: 0031-7012 (Print)
eISSN: 1423-0313 (Online)

For additional information: https://www.karger.com/PHA

Abstract

Background: Tramadol is often coadministered subcutaneously with adjuvants to treat pain, nausea/vomiting, dyspnea and delirium in cancer patients. The aim of the study was to investigate analgesia of tramadol coadministered with adjuvants in rats. Materials and Methods: Male rats (Wistar race) received a single tramadol dose separately (0.45 mg/kg) or tramadol with haloperidol (0.45 mg/kg), midazolam (0.3 mg/kg), levomepromazine (0.35 mg/kg), metoclopramide (1.0 mg/kg), hyoscine butylbromide (1.7 mg/kg) or ketamine (0.3 mg/kg) as a single subcutaneous injection. Analgesia was measured by a tail flick test after 15, 30, 60 and 90 min of drug administration. Results: Tramadol analgesia was enhanced with haloperidol (30, 60 and 90 min) and with midazolam (60 and 90 min). Tramadol with levomepromazine (30, 60 and 90 min) and tramadol with metoclopramide (30 and 90 min) attenuated tramadol analgesia. Tramadol with hyoscine butylbromide and tramadol with ketamine did not change tramadol analgesia. Conclusions: Significant changes in tramadol analgesia after the administration of different adjuvants could be demonstrated in this experimental single-dose study. Future clinical trials have to further explore the benefits of these drug combinations.

© 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel




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Article / Publication Details

First-Page Preview
Abstract of Short Communication

Received: July 30, 2012
Accepted: September 03, 2012
Published online: October 19, 2012
Issue release date: February 2013

Number of Print Pages: 5
Number of Figures: 1
Number of Tables: 1

ISSN: 0031-7012 (Print)
eISSN: 1423-0313 (Online)

For additional information: https://www.karger.com/PHA


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Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.
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