Aging
Facts and Theories
Editor(s): Robert, L. (Paris)Fulop, T. (Sherbrooke, QC)
On the Immunological Theory of AgingFulop T.a, b · Witkowski J.M.d · Pawelec G.e · Alan C.a, c · Larbi A.faResearch Center on Aging, bGeriatrics Division, Department of Medicine, and cDepartment of Family Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que., Canada; dDepartment of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland; eCenter for Medical Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; fSingapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Biopolis, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
|
|
Log in to MyKarger to check if you already have access to this content.
KAB
Buy a Karger Article Bundle (KAB) and profit from a discount!
If you would like to redeem your KAB credit, please log in.
Save over 20% compared to the individual article price.
Article / Publication Details
Published online: May 13, 2014
Cover Date: 2014
Number of Print Pages: 14
Number of Figures: 3
Number of Tables: 0
ISBN: 978-3-318-02652-8 (Print)
eISBN: 978-3-318-02653-5 (Online)
Abstract
Aging is a complex phenomenon the cause of which is not fully understood, despite the plethora of theories proposed to explain it. As we age, changes in essentially all physiological functions, including immunity, are apparent. Immune responses decrease with aging, contributing to the increased incidence of different chronic diseases with an inflammatory component (sometimes referred to as ‘inflamm-aging'). It is clear from many studies that human longevity may be influenced by these changes in the immune system, but how they proceed is not clearly determined. In this chapter, we will review the age-related changes in the immune response and assess the validity of the immune theory of aging (i.e. that these changes in immune response are the primary cause of aging). Many data in humans support the notion that age-associated immune dysfunction may at least in part explain the aging process. Explanatory power may be enhanced by combination with other theories such as the free radical theory. More longitudinal studies are needed to corroborate the immune theory of aging.
© 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel
Related Articles:
References
-
Müller L, Fülöp T, Pawelec G: Origins of the mammalian immune system and implications for immunosenescence. Immun Aging 2013;10:12.
- Walford RL: Immunologic aspects of aging. Klin Wochenschr 1969;47:599-605.
- Mócsai A: Diverse novel functions of neutrophils in immunity, inflammation, and beyond. J Exp Med 2013;210:1283-1299.
- Campbell KS, Hasegawa J: Natural killer cell biology: an update and future directions. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2013;132:536-544.
- Davies LC, Jenkins SJ, Allen JE, Taylor PR: Tissue-resident macrophages. Nat Immunol 2013;14:986-995.
- Pearce EL, Poffenberger MC, Chang CH, Jones RG: Fueling immunity: insights into metabolism and lymphocyte function. Science 2013;342:1242454.
- Dasgupta A, Saxena R: Regulatory T cells: a review. Natl Med J India 2012;25:341-351.
- Besedovsky HO, del Rey A: Immune-neuro-endocrine interactions: facts and hypotheses. Endocr Rev 1996;17:64-102.
- Tabas I, Glass CK: Anti-inflammatory therapy in chronic disease: challenges and opportunities. Science 2013;339:166-172.
- Finch CE, Morgan TE, Longo VD, de Magalhaes JP: Cell resilience in species life spans: a link to inflammation? Aging Cell 2010;9:519-526.
- Holmes C: Review: systemic inflammation and Alzheimer's disease. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2013;39:51-68.
- Rymkiewicz PD, Heng YX, Vasudev A, Larbi A: The immune system in the aging human. Immunol Res 2012;53:235-250.
-
Fulop T, Fortin C, Lesur O, Dupuis G, Kotb R, Lord JM, Larbi A: The innate immune system and aging: what is the contribution to immunosenescence? Open Longevity Sci 2012;6:121-132.
- Fülöp T, Larbi A, Pawelec G: Human T cell aging and the impact of persistent viral infections. Front Immunol 2013;4:271.
- Shaw AC, Panda A, Joshi SR, et al: Dysregulation of human Toll-like receptor function in aging. Ageing Res Rev 2011;10:346-353.
- Salminen A, Kaarniranta K: Genetics vs. entropy: longevity factors suppress the NF-kappaB-driven entropic aging process. Ageing Res Rev 2010;9:298-314.
- Franceschi C, Bonafè M, Valensin S, Olivieri F, De Luca M, Ottaviani E, De Benedictis G: Inflamm-aging. An evolutionary perspective on immunosenescence. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2000;908:244-254.
- Goto M: Inflammaging (inflammation + aging): a driving force for human aging based on an evolutionarily antagonistic pleiotropy theory? Biosci Trends 2008;2:218-230.
- Almeida-Oliveira A, Smith-Carvalho M, Porto LC, Cardoso-Oliveira J, Ribeiro AS, Falcao RR: Age-related changes in natural killer cell receptors from childhood through old age. Hum Immunol 2011;72:319-329.
- Agrawal A, Gupta S: Impact of aging on dendritic cell functions in humans. Ageing Res Rev 2011;10:336-345.
- Palmer DB: The effect of age on thymic function. Front Immunol 2013;4:316.
- Alonso-Fernández P, De la Fuente M: Role of the immune system in aging and longevity. Curr Aging Sci 2011;4:78-100.
- Larbi A, Dupuis G, Khalil A, Douziech N, Fortin C, Fulop T Jr: Differential role of lipid rafts in the functions of CD4+ and CD8+ human T lymphocytes with aging. Cell Signal 2006;18:1017-1030.
- Larbi A, Pawelec G, Wong SC, Goldeck D, Tai JJ, Fülöp T: Impact of age on T cell signaling: a general defect or specific alterations? Ageing Res Rev 2011;10:370-378.
- Goronzy JJ, Li G, Yu M, Weyand CM: Signaling pathways in aged T cells - a reflection of T cell differentiation, cell senescence and host environment. Semin Immunol 2012;24:365-372.
- Solana R, Tarazona R, Aiello AE, Akbar AN, Appay V, et al: CMV and immunosenescence: from basics to clinics. Immun Ageing 2012;9:23.
- Wikby A, Ferguson F, Forsey R, Thompson J, Strindhal J, Lofgren S, Nilsson BO, Ernerudh J, Pawelec G, Johansson B: An immune risk phenotype, cognitive impairment, and survival in very late life: impact of allostatic load in Swedish octogenarian and nonagenarian humans. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2005;60:556-565.
- Wikby A, Månsson IA, Johansson B, Strindhall J, Nilsson SE: The immune risk profile is associated with age and gender: findings from three Swedish population studies of individuals 20-100 years of age. Biogerontology 2008;9:299-308.
- Wikby A, Johansson B, Olsson J, Löfgren S, et al: Expansions of peripheral blood CD8 T-lymphocyte subpopulations and an association with cytomegalovirus seropositivity in the elderly: the Swedish NONA immune study. Exp Gerontol 2002;37:445-453.
- Pawelec G, McElhaney JE, Aiello AE, Derhovanessian E: The impact of CMV infection on survival in older humans. Curr Opin Immunol 2012;24:507-511.
- Simanek AM, Dowd JB, Pawelec G, Melzer D, Dutta A, Aiello AE: Seropositivity to cytomegalovirus, inflammation, all-cause and cardiovascular disease-related mortality in the United States. PLoS One 2011;6:e16103.
- Ferrando-Martínez S, Romero-Sánchez MC, Solana R, Delgado J, de la Rosa R, Muñoz-Fernández MA, Ruiz-Mateos E, Leal M: Thymic function failure and C-reactive protein levels are independent predictors of all-cause mortality in healthy elderly humans. Age (Dordr) 2013;35:251-259.
- Oliveira BF, Nogueira-Machado JA, Chaves MM: The role of oxidative stress in the aging process. Sci World J 2010;10:1121-1128.
- Fuente Mde L, Cruces J, Hernandez O, Ortega E: Strategies to improve the functions and redox state of the immune system in aged subjects. Curr Pharm Des 2011;17:3966-3993.
- Brewer GJ: Epigenetic oxidative redox shift (EORS) theory of aging unifies the free radical and insulin signaling theories. Exp Gerontol 2010;45:173-179.
- Finch CE: Evolution of the human lifespan and diseases of aging: roles of infection, inflammation, and nutrition. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2010;107(suppl 1):1718-1724.
Article / Publication Details
Published online: May 13, 2014
Cover Date: 2014
Number of Print Pages: 14
Number of Figures: 3
Number of Tables: 0
ISBN: 978-3-318-02652-8 (Print)
eISBN: 978-3-318-02653-5 (Online)
Copyright / Drug Dosage / Disclaimer
Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.
Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

Get Permission