Nephron
Clinical Practice: Original Paper
Left Renal Cortical Thickness Measured by Ultrasound Can Predict Early Progression of Chronic Kidney DiseaseTakata T.a · Koda M.a · Sugihara T.a · Sugihara S.b · Okamoto T.a · Miyoshi K.a · Hodotsuka M.a · Fujise Y.a · Matono T.a · Okano J.a · Hosho K.a · Iyama T.a · Fukui T.a · Fukuda S.a · Munemura C.a · Isomoto H.aaDivision of Medicine and Clinical Science and bDivision of Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Tottori, Japan
|
|
Log in to MyKarger to check if you already have access to this content.
KAB
Buy a Karger Article Bundle (KAB) and profit from a discount!
If you would like to redeem your KAB credit, please log in.
Save over 20% compared to the individual article price.
Article / Publication Details
Received: August 22, 2015
Accepted: October 24, 2015
Published online: November 19, 2015
Issue release date: February 2016
Number of Print Pages: 8
Number of Figures: 4
Number of Tables: 4
ISSN: 1660-8151 (Print)
eISSN: 2235-3186 (Online)
For additional information: https://www.karger.com/NEF
Abstract
Aims: The kidney becomes atrophic in advanced chronic kidney disease, and renal size and parenchymal volume correlate with renal function. However, alterations in renal parenchymal volume have not been adequately studied in terms of the renal cortex and medulla. We investigated the relationship between the changes in the renal cortex and medulla and renal function. Methods: Renal ultrasound (US) parameters including renal length, parenchymal thickness, cortical thickness and medullary thickness were assessed in 176 subjects, who were categorized into 4 groups based on the estimated glomerular filtration rate (ml/min/1.73 m2): group 1, ≥90; group 2, ≥60 but <90; group 3, ≥30 but <60; and group 4, <30. Renal US parameters in both kidneys were compared among the 4 groups. Results: We found stepwise associations in renal length, cortical thickness and parenchymal thickness with decreased renal function. Medullary thickness showed no changes among groups 1-3. Multiple linear regression analysis including sex, age and renal US parameters showed that only renal length was an independent predictor of renal function. When analyzed in groups 1-3, cortical thickness was the strongest associated parameter. Lower cortical left/right ratio (left cortical thickness/right cortical thickness) showed a stepwise association with a decrease in renal function. Conclusion: Renal length and cortical thickness measured by US were correlated with renal function. In particular, left cortical thickness could help to detect early changes in renal function.
© 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel
Related Articles:
References
- National Kidney Foundation: K/DOQI clinical practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: evaluation, classification, and stratification. Am J Kidney Dis 2002;39(2 suppl 1):S1-S266.
- Bostom AG, Kronenberg F, Ritz E: Predictive performance of renal function equations for patients with chronic kidney disease and normal serum creatinine levels. J Am Soc Nephrol 2002;13:2140-2144.
- O'Neill WC: Structure, not just function. Kidney Int 2014;85:503-505.
- Adibi A, Adibi I, Khosravi P: Do kidney sizes in ultrasonography correlate to glomerular filtration rate in healthy children? Australas Radiol 2007;51:555-559.
- Roger SD, Beale AM, Cattell WR, Webb JA: What is the value of measuring renal parenchymal thickness before renal biopsy? Clin Radiol 1994;49:45-49.
- Emamian SA, Nielsen MB, Pedersen JF, Ytte L: Kidney dimensions at sonography: correlation with age, sex, and habitus in 665 adult volunteers. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1993;160:83-86.
- Wang X, Vrtiska TJ, Avula RT, Walters LR, Chakkera HA, Kremers WK, Lerman LO, Rule AD: Age, kidney function, and risk factors associate differently with cortical and medullary volumes of the kidney. Kidney Int 2014;85:677-685.
- Hoddick W, Filly RA, Backman U, Callen PW, Vincenti F, Hricak H, Mahony BS, Amend W: Renal allograft rejection: US evaluation. Radiology 1986;161:469-473.
- Raj DS, Hoisala R, Somiah S, Sheeba SD, Yeung M: Quantitation of change in the medullary compartment in renal allograft by ultrasound. J Clin Ultrasound 1997;25:265-269.
-
Du Bois D, Du Bois EF: A formula to estimate the approximate surface area if height and weight be known. Arch Intern Med 1916;17:863-871.
External Resources
- Matsuo S, Imai E, Horio M, Yasuda Y, Tomita K, Nitta K, Yamagata K, Tomino Y, Yokoyama H, Hishida A; Collaborators Developing the Japanese Equation for Estimated GFR: Revised equations for estimated GFR from serum creatinine in Japan. Am J Kidney Dis 2009;53:982-992.
- Chapman AB, Bost JE, Torres VE, Guay-Woodford L, Bae KT, Landsittel D, Li J, King BF, Martin D, Wetzel LH, Lockhart ME, Harris PC, Moxey-Mims M, Flessner M, Bennett WM, Grantham JJ: Kidney volume and functional outcomes in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2012;7:479-486.
- Van Den Noortgate N, Velghe A, Petrovic M, Vandewiele C, Lameire N, Voet D, Afschrift M: The role of ultrasonography in the assessment of renal function in the elderly. J Nephrol 2003;16:658-662.
- Khademi M: Angiographic measurement of renal compartments. Corticomedullary ratio in normal, diseased states and sickle cell anemia. Radiology 1974;113:51-58.
- Mounier-Vehier C, Lions C, Devos P, Jaboureck O, Willoteaux S, Carre A, Beregi JP: Cortical thickness: an early morphological marker of atherosclerotic renal disease. Kidney Int 2002;61:591-598.
- Noda Y, Ito K, Kanki A, Tamada T, Yamamoto A, Kazuya Y, Higaki A: Measurement of renal cortical thickness using noncontrast-enhanced steady-state free precession MRI with spatially selective inversion recovery pulse: association with renal function. J Magn Reson Imaging 2015;41:1615-1621.
- Hricak H, Cruz C, Eyler WR, Madrazo BL, Romanski R, Sandler MA: Acute post-transplantation renal failure: differential diagnosis by ultrasound. Radiology 1981;139:441-449.
- Hollenberg NK, Adams DF, Solomon HS, Rashid A, Abrams HL, Merrill JP: Senescence and the renal vasculature in normal man. Circ Res 1974;34:309-316.
-
Nielsen S, Kwon TH, Fenton RA, Praetorious J: Anatomy of the kidney; in Taal MW, Chertow GM, Marsden PA, Skorecki K, Yu AS, Brenner BM (eds): Brenner and Rector's The Kidney 9th Edition. Philadelphia, Saunders, 2012, pp 31-93.
- Daniel PM, Peabody CN, Prichard MM: Cortical ischaemia of the kidney with maintained blood flow through the medulla. Q J Exp Physiol Cogn Med Sci 1952;37:11-18.
- Adamczak M, Wiecek A: Ischemic nephropathy - pathogenesis and treatment. Nefrologia 2012;32:432-438.
-
Bonsib SM: Renal anatomy and histology; in Jennette J, Olson JL, Silva FG, D'Agati VD (eds): Heptinstall's Pathology of the Kidney 7th Edition. Philadelphia, Wolters Kluwer, 2015, pp 1-12.
- Moody WE, Edwards NC, Chue CD, Ferro CJ, Townend JN: Arterial disease in chronic kidney disease. Heart 2013;99:365-372.
- Keddis MT, Garovic VD, Bailey KR, Wood CM, Raissian Y, Grande JP: Ischaemic nephropathy secondary to atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis: clinical and histopathological correlates. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2010;25:3615-3622.
- Caps MT, Zierler RE, Polissar NL, Bergelin RO, Beach KW, Cantwell-Gab K, Casadei A, Davidson RC, Strandness DE Jr: Risk of atrophy in kidneys with atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis. Kidney Int 1988;53:735-742.
Article / Publication Details
Received: August 22, 2015
Accepted: October 24, 2015
Published online: November 19, 2015
Issue release date: February 2016
Number of Print Pages: 8
Number of Figures: 4
Number of Tables: 4
ISSN: 1660-8151 (Print)
eISSN: 2235-3186 (Online)
For additional information: https://www.karger.com/NEF
Copyright / Drug Dosage / Disclaimer
Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.
Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.
Get Permission
PubMed ID
