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Original Article

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Cross-Sectional Study to Assess Endoscopic Ultrasound Practice in Portugal

Costa J.M. · Fernandes D. · Gonçalves B. · Gonçalves R. · Soares J.B.

Author affiliations

Gastroenterology Department, Braga Hospital, Braga, Portugal

Corresponding Author

Juliana M. Costa, MD

Gastroenterology Department, Hospital de Braga

Sete Fontes – São Victor

PT–4710-243 Braga (Portugal)

E-Mail julianamcosta87@gmail.com

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GE Port J Gastroenterol 2019;26:333–345

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Abstract

Background: Despite the increasing number of national departments performing endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), there are no official data regarding clinical EUS practice in Portugal. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the current practice of EUS in Portugal. Methods: By email, we invited 1 physician of each one of the 26 national Gastroenterology Departments which perform EUS to complete a survey questionnaire available on the Google Forms platform. The online questionnaire was available from September 2017 until February 2018 and was answered only by physicians who perform EUS. Results: A total of 21/26 (80.8%) national Gastroenterology Departments answered the questionnaire. In Portugal, there are 42 echoendoscopes in total; most of the echoendoscopy units have only 1 EUS processor (81%), 1 radial echoendoscope (66.7%), 1 linear echoendoscope (76.2%), 1 anorectal probe (57.1%), but no miniprobes (85.7%). About 81% have histological core acquisition needles. In 81% of the units, there are at least 2 ultrasonographers who perform echoendoscopy together (at least 2 ultrasonographers per EUS) in 47.6% of these departments. The ultrasonographers also performed abdominal ultrasound (US), anal US, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in 71.4, 66.7, and 42.9%, respectively. The echoendoscopy units have 2.4 ± 1.1 periods of echoendoscopy per week and 4 ± 1.5 EUS per period (499.2 ± 416.8 EUS per year). Subepithelial lesions and biliopancreatic lesion evaluation as well as gastrointestinal neoplasia staging were the most common EUS indications. The number of FNA (fine-needle aspirations) ranges from 10 to 160/year. Rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) is available in 60% of units and is performed by the cytopathologist (66.7%) in the majority of cases. The main reason for omitting ROSE is the limited pathology staff. Cytopathological material is prepared by the ultrasonographer in 25% of the units. Air drying (50%) and formalin (50%) are most frequently used to fix and preserve smears, respectively. Pancreatic pseudocyst drainage (66.7%), celiac plexus neurolysis (52.4%) and pancreatic necrosectomy (42.9%) are the most widespread therapeutic procedures. Conclusions: This survey provides the first insight into the current status of digestive echoendoscopy in Portugal. There is a great variability in diagnostic and therapeutic echoendoscopy practice.

© 2019 Sociedade Portuguesa de Gastrenterologia Published by S. Karger AG, Basel


Estudo transversal de avaliação da prática de ecoendoscopia digestiva em Portugal

Resumen

Introdução: Apesar do crescente número de serviços nacionais a realizar ecoendoscopia digestiva, não existem dados sobre a prática da ecoendoscopia no nosso país. Objetivos: Pretendemos avaliar a prática da ecoendoscopia em Portugal. Métodos: Por e-mail convidámos um elemento de cada dos 26 serviços nacionais de Gastrenterologia que realizam ecoendoscopia a preencher um questionário disponível na plataforma google forms. O questionário esteve disponível via online de setembro de 2017 a fevereiro de 2018 e foi respondido apenas por médicos que realizam ecoendoscopia. Resultados: Obtivemos resposta de 21 dos 26 serviços convidados (80.8%). Em Portugal existe um total de 42 ecoendoscópios. A maioria das unidades possui 1 ecógrafo (81%), 1 ecoendoscópio radial (66.7%), 1 eco endoscópio linear (76.2%), 1 sonda rectal (57.1%) mas não dispõem de mini-sondas (85.7%). 81% dispõem de agulhas de aquisição de core histológico. Em 81% dos serviços existem pelo menos 2 ecoendoscopistas que realizam ecoendoscopia em conjunto em 47.6% dos serviços. Os ecoendoscopistas também realizam ecografia abdominal, ecografia anal e colangiopancreatografia retrógrada endoscópica em 71.4, 66.7 e 42.9% respectivamente. Os serviços têm em média 2.4 ± 1.1 períodos de ecoendoscopia/semana realizando em média 4 ± 1.5 ecoendoscopia/período (499.2 ± 416.8 ecoendoscopias/ano). A avaliação de lesões subepiteliais e bilio-pancreática, assim como o estadiamento de neoplasias do tubo digestivo são as indicações mais frequentes para a realização de ecoendoscopia. O número de punções diagnósticas guiadas por ecoendoscopia varia entre 10 e 160/ano. A maioria dos serviços (60%) dispõe de rapid on-site pathological evaluation (ROSE) que é realizada pelo citopatologista na maioria das vezes (66.7%). A carência de funcionários nas unidades de Anatomia Patológica é o principal motivo para a ausência de ROSE. A preparação do material citopatológico é realizada pelo ecoendoscopista em 25% dos serviços. A secagem ao ar (50%) e o formol (50%) são o método de fixação dos esfregaços e o meio de preservação mais usados, respetivamente. A drenagem de pseudocisto pancreático (66.7%), neurólise do plexo celíaco (52.4%) e necrosectomia pancreática (42.9%) são os procedimentos terapêuticos mais disseminados. Conclusões: Este trabalho fornece os primeiros dados sobre a prática de ecoendoscopia digestiva em Portugal. Existe uma grande variabilidade nos exames diagnósticos e terapêuticos.




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References

  1. Dumonceau JM, Polkowski M, Larghi A, Vilmann P, Giovannini M, Frossard JL, et al.; European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. Indications, results, and clinical impact of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided sampling in gastroenterology: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Clinical Guideline. Endoscopy. 2011 Oct;43(10):897–912.
  2. Ho KY. Survey of endoscopic ultrasonographic practice and training in the Asia-Pacific region. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006 Aug;21(8):1231–5.
  3. Das A, Mourad W, Lightdale CJ, Sivak MV Jr, Chak A. An international survey of the clinical practice of EUS. Gastrointest Endosc. 2004 Nov;60(5):765–70.
  4. Drigo JM, Castillo C, Wever W, Obaldía JR, Fillipi S, Ribeiro MC, et al. Endoscopic ultrasound practice survey in Latin America. Endosc Ultrasound. 2013 Oct;2(4):208–18.
  5. Savides TJ, Fisher AH Jr, Gress FG, Hawes RH, Lightdale CJ; ASGE Ad Hoc Endoscopic Ultrasound Committee. 1999 ASGE endoscopic ultrasound survey. Gastrointest Endosc. 2000 Dec;52(6):745–50.
  6. van Riet PA, Cahen DL, Poley JW, Bruno MJ. Mapping international practice patterns in EUS-guided tissue sampling: outcome of a global survey. Endosc Int Open. 2016 Mar;4(3):E360–70.
  7. Yusuf TE, Harewood GC, Clain JE, Levy MJ. International survey of knowledge of indications for EUS. Gastrointest Endosc. 2006 Jan;63(1):107–11.
  8. DiMaio CJ, Buscaglia JM, Gross SA, Aslanian HR, Goodman AJ, Ho S, et al. Practice patterns in FNA technique: A survey analysis. World J Gastrointest Endosc. 2014 Oct;6(10):499–505.
  9. Polkowski M, Larghi A, Weynand B, Boustière C, Giovannini M, Pujol B, et al.; European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE). Learning, techniques, and complications of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided sampling in gastroenterology: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Technical Guideline. Endoscopy. 2012 Feb;44(2):190–206.

Article / Publication Details

First-Page Preview
Abstract of Original Article

Received: August 21, 2018
Accepted: November 13, 2018
Published online: February 07, 2019
Issue release date: September - October

Number of Print Pages: 13
Number of Figures: 0
Number of Tables: 7

ISSN: 2341-4545 (Print)
eISSN: 2387-1954 (Online)

For additional information: https://www.karger.com/PJG

References

  1. Dumonceau JM, Polkowski M, Larghi A, Vilmann P, Giovannini M, Frossard JL, et al.; European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. Indications, results, and clinical impact of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided sampling in gastroenterology: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Clinical Guideline. Endoscopy. 2011 Oct;43(10):897–912.
  2. Ho KY. Survey of endoscopic ultrasonographic practice and training in the Asia-Pacific region. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006 Aug;21(8):1231–5.
  3. Das A, Mourad W, Lightdale CJ, Sivak MV Jr, Chak A. An international survey of the clinical practice of EUS. Gastrointest Endosc. 2004 Nov;60(5):765–70.
  4. Drigo JM, Castillo C, Wever W, Obaldía JR, Fillipi S, Ribeiro MC, et al. Endoscopic ultrasound practice survey in Latin America. Endosc Ultrasound. 2013 Oct;2(4):208–18.
  5. Savides TJ, Fisher AH Jr, Gress FG, Hawes RH, Lightdale CJ; ASGE Ad Hoc Endoscopic Ultrasound Committee. 1999 ASGE endoscopic ultrasound survey. Gastrointest Endosc. 2000 Dec;52(6):745–50.
  6. van Riet PA, Cahen DL, Poley JW, Bruno MJ. Mapping international practice patterns in EUS-guided tissue sampling: outcome of a global survey. Endosc Int Open. 2016 Mar;4(3):E360–70.
  7. Yusuf TE, Harewood GC, Clain JE, Levy MJ. International survey of knowledge of indications for EUS. Gastrointest Endosc. 2006 Jan;63(1):107–11.
  8. DiMaio CJ, Buscaglia JM, Gross SA, Aslanian HR, Goodman AJ, Ho S, et al. Practice patterns in FNA technique: A survey analysis. World J Gastrointest Endosc. 2014 Oct;6(10):499–505.
  9. Polkowski M, Larghi A, Weynand B, Boustière C, Giovannini M, Pujol B, et al.; European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE). Learning, techniques, and complications of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided sampling in gastroenterology: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Technical Guideline. Endoscopy. 2012 Feb;44(2):190–206.

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