Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders

Research Article

Diagnostic Failure of Cognitive Impairment in Nursing Home Residents May Lead to Impaired Medical Care

Westerlind B.a,d · Östgren C.J.b · Midlöv P.c · Marcusson J.d

Author affiliations

aDepartment of Geriatrics, County Hospital Ryhov, Region Jönköping County, Jönköping, Sweden
bDepartment of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
cDepartment of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
dGeriatric Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden

Keywords: Cognitive impairmentNursing homesMorbidityDementiaHeart failure

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Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2019;47:209–218
https://doi.org/10.1159/000499671

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Article / Publication Details

First-Page Preview
Abstract of Research Article

Received: January 02, 2019
Accepted: March 09, 2019
Published online: July 03, 2019
Issue release date: October 2019

Number of Print Pages: 10
Number of Figures: 2
Number of Tables: 2

ISSN: 1420-8008 (Print)
eISSN: 1421-9824 (Online)

For additional information: https://www.karger.com/DEM

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Dementia and cognitive impairment are common in nursing homes. Few studies have studied the impact of unnoted cognitive impairment on medical care. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of diagnostic failure of cognitive impairment in a sample of Swedish nursing home residents and to analyze whether diagnostic failure was associated with impaired medical care. Method: A total of 428 nursing home residents were investigated during 2008–2011. Subjects without dementia diagnosis were grouped by result of the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), where subjects with <24 points formed a possible dementia group and the remaining subjects a control group. A third group consisted of subjects with diagnosed dementia. These three groups were compared according to baseline data, laboratory findings, drug use, and mortality. Results: Dementia was previously diagnosed in 181 subjects (42%). Among subjects without a dementia diagnosis, 72% were cognitively impaired with possible dementia (MMSE <24). These subjects were significantly older, did not get anti-dementia treatment, and had higher levels of brain natriuretic peptide compared to the diagnosed dementia group, but the risks of malnutrition and pressure ulcers were similar to the dementia group. Conclusions: Unnoted cognitive impairment is common in nursing home residents and may conceal other potentially treatable conditions such as heart failure. The results highlight a need to pay increased attention to cognitive impairment among nursing home residents.

© 2019 S. Karger AG, Basel



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Article / Publication Details

First-Page Preview
Abstract of Research Article

Received: January 02, 2019
Accepted: March 09, 2019
Published online: July 03, 2019
Issue release date: October 2019

Number of Print Pages: 10
Number of Figures: 2
Number of Tables: 2

ISSN: 1420-8008 (Print)
eISSN: 1421-9824 (Online)

For additional information: https://www.karger.com/DEM

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2019, Vol.47, No. 4-6

October 2019

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